航天飞机的随控布局研究——航天飞机空气动力学问题之六

从60年代后期以来,在飞行器研制中逐渐采用先进的主动控制技术。对于航天飞机,随控布局的主要任务是放宽静稳定性,对静不稳定的航天飞机实现飞行控制,并使共具有良好的飞行品质和性能。航天飞机随控布局设计的主要参数是高超音速下的配平能力、重心后限和操纵面的气动加热。在空气动力学上,主要靠机翼机身的合理布局设计。最佳的随控布局设计比常规设计飞行器的有效载荷有显著的增加,飞行器的净重约可减少10%。

APPLIED RESEARCH OF THE CONTROL CONFIGURED VEHICLE(CCV)DESIGN APPROACH TO SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

Since the late sixties,the advanced active control tech-nology has been applied to the development of air-vehicles.The ma- jor task for Space Transportation System(STS)CCV designs are re-duced vehicle static stability,controllability of the vehicle with unst-able static margins,adequate flying qualities and performance.It isnecessary to integrate major design parameters for CCV design:thehypersonic trimming capability,limit position of the aft center of grav-ity,and the aerodynamic heating rate on the lower control surface.An effective measure for STS CCV designs is the development of rea-sonable aerodynamic body/wing configurations.Optimized CCV desi-gns can provide substantial payload gains and reduce STS dry weightabout 10% cver conventional design vehicles.