非水体系合成多种形貌氮化硅基纳米孔材料

分别以乙腈、氯仿和甲酰胺为溶剂,十八胺为模板剂,通过非氧化物溶胶-凝胶过程合成了多种形貌的氮化硅基纳米孔材料。利用X射线衍射(X-ray d iffraction,XRD)、透射电子显微镜(T ransm iss ion e lectronm icroscope,TEM)、N2吸附-脱附和电子能谱(Energy d ispers ive spectroscope,EDS)对样品进行了表征。XRD结果显示产物是层间距为4.7 nm和3.6 nm的层状相材料。TEM照片表明,在乙腈、氯仿和甲酰胺溶剂中分别得到花状、片状和核-环状形貌的氮化硅基材料。N2吸附-脱附分析表明,产物具有较高的比表面积和窄的孔径分布。EDS分析证明,产物含有S i,N,C,C l元素而不含有O元素。非水体系中表面活性剂自组装形成的介观相可以作为模板来指导具有特殊介观结构和形貌的纳米材料的合成。

Synthesis of Nanoporous Silicon Nitride-Based Materials with Various Novel Morphologies in Nonaqueous Media

Nanoporous silicon nitride-based materials with various novel morphologies are synthesized by using the octadecylamine as the structure-directing agent and acetonitrile,chloroform and formamide as the solvents,through elimination of hydrogen chloride gas in the non-oxide sol-gel process.X-ray diffraction(XRD) patterns demonstrate the typical layered structures with the primary d spacing of 4.7 nm and 3.6 nm.Transmission electron microscope(TEM) images show the product obtained in the acetonitrile is flower-like and leave-like morphologies,the product obtained in the chloroform is flake-like morphologies,and the product obtained in the formamide is ring/core morphologies.N_2 adsorption-desorption analyses reveal products have a relatively high surface area and a narrow pore size distribution.Energy dispersive spectroscope(EDS) analyses show that products contain Si,N,C,Cl elements without O element.Some surfactants can be self-assembled into association in the nonaqueous media.So it has a potential application for templating the synthesis of materials in novel structures and morphologies.