液体压力激波加工技术研究

机械产品的零部件，通常需要通过成形与改性才具有所需形状及实用功能，本文提出了一种新型材料成形与改性加工的方法——液体压力激波加工。采用脉冲超声波聚焦技术，通过压电陶瓷激波发生器在液体介质中产生高能瞬时压力激波，对材料进行冲击，产生变形或表面改性。经过理论研究和试验验证，初步掌握了液体压力激波的产生、激波能量的控制和激波加工的动力学机制。这种加工方法具有能量可控性好、成本低廉和安全高效等优点，非常适合具有复杂结构和型面的中小零件加工，是一种颇具竞争力的先进制造技术手段。

Study on Pressure Processing with Shock Wave in Liquid

Modifying and forming are main approaches to archieve the designed shape and property for machined parts. A new type of these technologies, i.e., pressure processing with shock wave in liquid, is presented. With piezoelectric shock wave generator based on focus of the pulsed ultrasonic wave, property and structure of material surface can be changed via high energy transient pressure wave. An experimental system is set up, and data acquisition and processing are automated. The generation and propogation of shock wave, the control of energy, and the dynamics of material processing mechanism are studied experimentally and theoretically. It is demonstrated that the technique has advantages of energy controllable, safety and efficient and is competitive in advanced manufacturing technology, especially for medium and small parts with complex structure. Further, it can be applied in super plastic forming.