形状记忆合金在飞行器进气道中的应用研究进展

进气道作为发动机上游的重要气动部件,其性能对整个飞行器的工作效率和运行能力都有着重要影响。本文首先详细阐述了进气道的几何调节需求,指出了传统机械调节方案存在的不足以及形状记忆合金在可调进气道中诱人的应用前景,而后简单介绍了形状记忆合金的基本特性和典型航空应用进展。最后,总结了形状记忆合金在飞行器进气道中的应用情况,重点介绍了美国SAMPSON计划在智能进气道领域所取得的成果。

Review of Applications of Shape Memory Alloy in Inlets

As an important aerodynamic component in the upstream of the engine, the performance of the inlet has an important impact on the operating efficiency and capability of the whole aircraft. The geometric adjustment requirements of the inlet are elaborated firstly. The shortcomings of traditional mechanical adjustment methods as well as the promising application prospects of the shape memory alloy in morphing inlets are pointed out afterwards. The basic characteristics and typical aeronautical applications of shape memory alloy are then briefly introduced. At last, the progress of the applications of shape memory alloy in inlets is summarized, with special highlights of the SAMPSON program of the United States in the field of smart inlets.