空间目标监视雷达信号频率的优选准则

随着在轨微小卫星及空间碎片数量不断增加，为保证在轨卫星的运行安全，需要对微小目标进行有效跟踪探测及稳定编目。雷达作为近地空间目标监视的主用设备，在对厘米级小目标进行探测跟踪时，其工作频率是决定其能否可靠探测关键因素，高频有利于探测小目标，并可获得相对稳定的RCS，但高频信号的波束小、搜索能力较低，实现难度大，也使得成本过高。为适于实际工程应用，需从效费比出发，对频率进行优选。本文从目标RCS的角度提出一种空间目标监视雷达信号频率的优选准则，给出该准则下周长波长比ka的取值范围。为了更加清楚地说明该优选准则的应用，给出了直径5 cm和10 cm的目标在该准则下信号频率的取值范围，并与国外工作做了比较，证明该准则可行。

Optimal Selection Criterion for Signal Frequency of Space Targets Surveillance Radar

With the increasing number of in-orbit micro-satellites and space debris, in order to ensure the safe operation of satellites, it is necessary to carry out effective tracking, detection and stable cataloging of micro-targets. Rader is the main equipment of near-earth space targets surveillance, and at the level of centimeter target detection and tracking, its working frequency is a key factor. The higher frequency is propitious to detect small targets and the more stable RCS will be obtained, but the equipment is more difficult to be implemented. In order to be suitable for practical engineering application, it is necessary to optimize the frequency based on the cost-effectiveness ratio. In this paper, from the view of target RCS, an optimal selection criterion of space targets monitoring signal frequency is proposed, and the value range of long wavelength ratio(ka) of this criterion is given. In order to explain the application of the optimal selection criterion more clearly, the signal frequency of targets with diameter of 5 cm and 10 cm under the criterion is given.