基于能量均衡的助航灯光单灯监控WSNs路由协议

机场助航灯光无线传感器网络能量 有限，但部分灯光所处位置不规则，导致该区域设置的簇头节点因消耗较大过早死亡从而形 成传输过程中的区域空洞，破坏了整个无线传感器网络的能量均衡，影响网络工作寿命 。在分区路由协议的基础上提出能量均衡、簇头位置均匀分布的WSNs路由协议。该协 议由两部分组成，针对不规则区域（对应单排长排灯位置）采用链式传输协议，对其他区域 采用逻辑分区的分簇路由协议，在簇头选举算法中加入候选簇头节点分布区域限制和节点能量 约束。为验证协议的有效性，按照机场灯光进近区灯光位置分布进行了MATLAB仿真。仿真结 果表明，该协议具有良好的网络能量均衡能力，传感器网络可以获得较长的生命周期，适宜 机场助航灯光监控类应用场合。

WSNs Routing Protocol of Airfield Lighting Monitoring System Based on Energy Balance

There is an advantage of fixed physical location for airfield lighting in airpor t lamp monitoring using WSNs, but some lamp locations are irregular, which cause a large consumption of the cluster head node in this logic region, i.e.,early death, thus forming the formation of voids during transmission, the undermining of the entire wireless sensor networks energy balance, and the reduced WSNs lifetime. To solve these problems a routing protocol is proposed with evenly distributed cluster head position, based on the routing protocols in a logical partition. The protocol iscomposed of two parts, a chaining transmission protocol and a cluster based routing protocol. The chain transmission protocol is applied to the irregular region (corresponding to the long row lamp position), and the cluster based routing protocol with logical partitions is applied to other regions. In the clusteringrouting protocol, the clustering head election algorithm is bound to join constraints. These two constraints are the location and the residual energy of the candidate cluster head. In order to verify the validity of the protocol, simulations are carried out with MATLAB referring the li ghting position distribution in an airfield approach zone. Simulation results sh ow that the protocol has good network energy balance ability. The sensor network has a long working lifetime, which is suitable for airport lamp monitoring.