空间碎片国际机制发展趋势分析

文章通过对空间碎片国际机制(多边谈判机制)的分析,指出其发展趋势,从而为中国参加相关谈判工作提供参考。空间碎片国际机制的发展已呈现出明显的政策化、法律化和制度化的趋势。无论是从外空利益争夺、外空战略实现,还是从中国航天事业可持续发展、中国航天立法体系完善的角度来讲,积极参加空间碎片技术合作与规则制定的国际谈判都具有重要意义。从国内建设上来看,中国应尽快制定“技术—政策(战略)—法律”三位一体的解决思路和具体方案;从国际层面看,可以借鉴美国一直坚持和贯彻的“技术—政策—国内规则—国际软法—国际法”外空策略,来开展空间碎片减缓和清除等方面的技术与规则制定的合作。

Analysis of the international consultation mechanism for space debris and its development

The paper makes analyses of the international consultation mechanism for space debris and its development, which may serve as a reference for China's participation in relevant negotiations. Space debris international consultation mechanism is developing in the direction of government policy making, legislations and institutionalization. From the perspectives concerning the space interests and the space strategy or the sustainable development of China's space industry and the legislative system of China's space industry, it is of great significance for China to actively participate in the international negotiations on space debris technical cooperation and rule-making. In view of the domestic construction, China should develop a triune solution for “technology-policy (strategy)-law” and related special schemes as soon as possible, and on the international level, take example by the space strategy of the United States as insisting and implementing “technology-policy-domestic rules-international soft law-international law” for carrying out the technical and regulatory cooperation on space debris mitigation and removal.