激光跟踪仪在交会对接微波雷达多径试验中的应用

交会对接微波雷达多径试验是在地面模拟两个飞行器在轨交会对接过程中由舱体表面及遮挡对微波信号造成反射干扰的一种试验，其目的是验证激光雷达系统功能及安装位置的合理性。在近20m远的距离上，对飞行器舱体上的微波雷达天线和微波应答天线进行角度及距离的精确测量。文章通过对试验环境、测量项目分析及不同精测方案比对，采用激光跟踪仪直接测量舱体结构，获得了准确的基准数据，有助于指导微波雷达在飞船轨道舱上的精确安装和提高交会对接微波雷达多径试验的精度。激光跟踪仪首次应用于交会对接微波雷达多径试验，相比经纬仪在航天器基准测量中具有更大的优势。

Laser tracker used in multi-radius test of microwave radar for rendezvous and docking

The system-level multi-radius test for the microwave radar is a ground environmental simulation test to verify the reflection disturbance to microwave signals from the surface and the blocking of two flight vehicles during their rendezvous. Its purpose is to validate the function of the laser radar system and its installation position. The test is carried out 20 meters away from the object vehicle, to measure precisely the angle and the distance of the microwave radar antenna and the microwave response antenna. According to the test environment and the measurement items, and by comparing different alignment schemes, the method of directly measuring the equipment structure＇s very benchmark is proposed, which can provide correct reference data for improving the fix position of the microwave radar outside the orbit module of the spaceship, thus guarantee the precise measurement of the microwave system in China＇s first space rendezvous mission.