火星载人探测中辐射防护综述

火星探测是人类太空探索的重要组成部分,火星载人探测中航天员的辐射安全问题是人们最为关心的问题。文章扼要介绍了美国/俄罗斯火星载人探测技术的发展过程,重点阐述了探测中的辐射环境、辐射效应以及国外探测结果;在此基础上,对火星探测中的辐射剂量进行了预示,提出了辐射防护建议。

Radiation protection for human missions to Mars

Mars exploration is an important part of human outer space activities and the human exploration of the Mars will be a next major target. The most critical issue of these missions is the safety and health of the crew. The damaging effect of ionizing space radiation is a major health concern. This paper reviews the development of Mars exploration technology in the USA and Russia. Radiation environment, radiation effect, and radiation measurements obtained onboard US spacecraft are presented and discussed. Radiation dose is predicted during the long-duration manned missions and some guidance is given for the radiation protection for future advanced manned Mars missions.