两种工程化的航天器用滚动轴承加速寿命试验方法

滚动轴承是航天器转动类产品的关键零部件，对其开展寿命和可靠性评估的重要方式之一是加速寿命试验。文章提出两种工程化的航天器用滚动轴承加速寿命试验方法，介绍在加速应力、加速模型、样本量、试验时间方面的选取思路和依据，以及模型参数的估计方法；以具体的航天型号产品为对象，进行这两种方法的算例对比分析。结果表明:鉴定性试验（方案1）成本低廉，操作难度较低，但只能给出定性结论；摸底性试验（方案2）能够提供寿命、可靠度等定量结果，但所需样本量较大，试验时间较长，试验成本较高，参数估计计算过程较复杂。

Two engineering methods for accelerated life test of aerospace rolling bearings

The rolling bearings are of key component of spacecraft rotation products. One of the important ways to evaluate the lifetime and reliability of the rolling bearings is the accelerated life test. In this paper, two engineering methods for the accelerated life test of the aerospace rolling bearings are presented, along with the principles for selecting the accelerated stress, the acceleration model, the sample size, the test duration, as well as the identification of the model parameters. In addition, with a special aerospace product as the object, examples of the calculation process by means of the two methods are presented. By a comparison, it can be seen that the confirmatory test (Scheme I) enjoys low cost and easy operation, but it can only provide qualitative results, while the diagnostic test (Scheme II) can provide quantitative results such as the life and the reliability, but it requires a larger sample size, a longer test time, a higher test cost, and a more complicated calculation process for the parameter estimation.