航天材料基因工程及其若干关键技术

材料基因工程的理念和将空间环境与效应纳入到航天材料研制全流程的思路将对航天材料的开发带来颠覆性的革命。文章在对国内外材料基因组计划和航天材料需求分析的基础上,首先对航天材料基因工程的内涵进行阐述,进而对基于航天材料基因工程的航天材料研制流程进行分析,最后结合空间环境效应及材料基因工程,从计算工具、试验工具、数字化数据三个维度,提出空间多因素环境与航天材料的耦合作用机理、航天材料空间多因素环境效应等效评价方法、空间复杂使役环境下航天材料性能演化模型、航天材料空间环境效应数据库、基于材料基因工程的航天材料设计模型、航天材料研制的不确定性及优化方法等关键技术和发展方向。

Genetic engineering for aerospace materials and related key technologies

Based on the concept of materials genetic engineering and the idea of integrating the space environment and effect into the whole process of the development of aerospace materials, a revolution in the development of aerospace materials is expected. Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign materials genome projects and the demand of aerospace materials for spacecraft, the aerospace materials genetic engineering is discussed firstly, and then the development process of aerospace materials based on the material genetic engineering is analyzed. On the basis of combining of the space environmental effect and the materials genetic engineering, from three dimensions, namely, of the computational tools, the test tools and the digital data, we propose some key technologies and development directions such as the coupling mechanism of space environments and space materials, the equivalent evaluation method of the synergistic effects of space environments on the aerospace materials, the performance evolution model of the aerospace materials in space complex causative environments, the database of the space environmental effect of aerospace materials, the design model of the aerospace materials based on the materials genetic engineering, the uncertainty and the optimization method of the development of aerospace materials.