32颗GPS卫星星座空间覆盖特性建模与仿真

GPS卫星要准确完成定位功能可见卫星数应不少于4颗.通过建立针对低轨、中高轨和大椭圆轨道目标卫星的GPS信号空间几何覆盖模型,利用Matlab计算针对低轨、中高轨和大椭圆轨道的可见卫星数,对目前美国32颗GPS卫星星座的空间覆盖特性进行仿真.仿真结果显示,32颗GPS卫星星座不仅可以对低轨目标实现全轨道覆盖,而且对中高轨和大椭圆轨道也有所覆盖,大大扩展了24颗GPS卫星星座的空间应用.

Modeling and Simulation of Coverage Performance of 32 GPS Satellites Constellation

At least 4 satellites are needed in GPS system in order to achieve the location function. GPS signal coverage performance is explained not only by the number of GPS satellites whose beam angles cover a space target at the same time, but also by space orbit altitude, which is marked with LEO, MEO, GEO and HEO. In this paper, the models of GPS signal coverage performance are put forward and simulated based on MATLAB software. Simulation results indicate that LEO orbit and part of MEO, GEO and HEO orbit are all covered by 32 GPS satellites constellation, and space application of 24 GPS constellation is accordingly extended.