三轴稳定深空探测器的自主姿态制导

针对深空探测器定向任务、定向手段和姿态约束的多样性,需要为探测器制订多种三轴姿态定向方案;同时深空环境对姿态敏感器选用造成了限制,使得从控制回路外部引入参考姿态指令成为必然.对此提出姿态制导的概念,给出了参考的姿态参数的星上实时计算方法,该算法利用自主导航信息,从矢量代数和矢量运动学的途径给出了定向任务所需的参考姿态和参考姿态角速率.制导方法经过了小天体探测多任务模式姿态控制数学仿真与演示的验证,能满足多种定向方案对姿态控制指令提出的算法通用、实时计算、便于星上自主实施的要求.

Autonomous Attitude Guidance for Three-axis Stabilized Deep-Space Explorer

Because of miscellaneous pointing tasks,means and constraints,various attitude pointing scenarios for three-axis stabilized deep-space explorer were needed.Moreover,the reference attitude command must be imported from out of the control loop,considering the constraint to attitude sensors selection due to deep-space environment.The introduction of attitude guidance is then essential.Based on vector algebra and vectorial kinematics,this paper derived an onboard real-time desired attitude and rate computation method.The guidance algorithm was tested on multimode attitude control mathematical simulation & demo for small-body exploration.The derived attitude control command is generic,simple,and convenient for onboard implementation,and will fulfill the challenge brought by the variety of pointing scheme.