电磁超材料在超宽带雷达隐身微小卫星设计中的应用

针对微小卫星在雷达频段面临的宽带隐身问题,提出利用电磁超材料实现卫星隐身的设计方案,该方案包括两种不同类型的电磁超材料雷达吸波体。其中多层结构超宽带吸波体利用高阻表面设计耦合型吸波结构,适用于微小卫星星体及太阳能电池阵背光面,工作频带覆盖S、C、X、Ku频段;透光型混合结构宽带吸波体利用高透光的氧化铟锡设计吸波结构,适用于卫星电池阵受光面,隐身频带覆盖X、Ku频段。样件及整星的仿真和实验结果表明,电磁超材料构建的雷达吸波体可以实现超宽频带电磁波的有效吸收。将该材料应用于微小卫星的设计中,可以达到卫星整星RCS缩减的目的。该材料不论是机械强度、密度、透光性,还是抗原子氧剥蚀能力都具备潜在的工程应用价值。

Application of Electromagnetic Metamaterials in Design of Ultra Wideband Radar Stealth Microsatellite

For the problem of broadband stealth that microsatellites face in the radar frequency band, this paper proposes a design scheme of using electromagnetic metamaterials to achieve microsatellite stealth. This scheme includes two different kinds of electromagnetic metamaterial radar absorbers. Among them, the multi layer ultra wideband absorber uses a high resistance surface to design a coupling type structure, which is suitable for the microsatellite body and the back of the solar cell array. The working frequency band covers the S, C, X and Ku frequency bands. The broadband absorber based on a light transmitted hybrid structure uses high transmittance indium tin oxide (ITO) to design the wave absorbing structure, which is suitable for the light receiving surface of satellite battery array, and the stealth frequency band covers the X and Ku frequency bands. The simulation and experimental results of prototypes and satellites show that the absorber constructed by the metamaterials can effectively absorb ultra wideband electromagnetic waves. Applying this material to the design of microsatellites can achieve the purpose of reducing the radar cross section (RCS) of the whole satellite. This material has potential engineering application value in terms of mechanical strength, density, light transmittance, and anti atomic oxygen properties.