太阳电池在平流层中的工作性能分析

近年来,临近空间受到广泛关注,多种平流层飞行器被提出,它们大多以太阳电池为主要的能源获取装置。研究平流层的太阳电池的性能,对平流层的开发和利用具有重要意义。首先建立了平流层中太阳电池的热环境模型,并结合硅太阳电池的电学模型,得到了平流层中硅太阳电池的热电耦合分析模型,进而用数值模拟方法对太阳能电池的热学、电学性能进行了分析和讨论。研究结果表明,平流层热环境的变化对太阳能电池的温度、输出功率以及电效率都有影响。讨论了风速对太阳电池性能的影响,结果表明随着风速的增加,太阳电池温度降低、内部温差先增加后减小、发电效率和输出功率都增加。

Analysis of the Performance for the Solar Cells in Near Space

With the development of the space science and technology, it is more and more important to research the use of solar energy in near space. In this paper, a model, for thermal analysis of the solar cells was set up with consideration of the thermal environment in near space. With another model for electrical analysis, the performance of the solar cells was simulated and discussed. The results show that 12 o'clock is the symmetry axis for the electrical efficiency, the output power and the temperature of the solar cells during day time. When the local time changes, the electrical efficiency increases at first and then decreases, but the temperature and output power both increase before 12 o'clock. The effects of wind speed on solar cells are also investigated. When the wind speed increases, the temperature of solar cells decreases, the output power and electrical efficiency both increase; the temperature difference in the solar cells acts in different manner, it increases at first and then decreases. The results show that the temperature difference does not change too much, it is about 1.7K.