基于激光实时跟踪测量的航天器编队相对位置测量方法

为了解决编队航天器间相对位置的高精度测量，实现航天器编队自主飞行，提出基于激光实时跟踪测量航天器间相对位置的测量定位方法，建立了航天器间相对位置测量的数学模型。该测量方法在直角坐标系下用Hill方程建立编队航天器相对运动模型，得出航天器相对运动轨迹的解析解，在极坐标系下建立航天器间相对位置的激光跟踪测量模型，将激光跟踪测量系统的测量值转换到直角坐标系，对转换误差进行去偏差补偿，利用卡尔曼滤波方法进行数据处理，以提高航天器间的相对位置测量精度。仿真结果表明，若对于测距精度为5厘米，测角精度为0．1度的激光跟踪测量系统，采用去偏差转换测量卡尔曼滤波方法，航天器空间相对位置精度可达到厘米量级。

Research on Spacecraft Formation Relative Position Measurement Based on Laser Tracking

To realize spacecraft formation flying, the accurate relative position determination of spacecrafts is required. A method of real-time laser tracking is offered to measure the relative positions of spacecrafts, accordingly the measurement model is established. The Hill-equation is used to describe the relative motion model of formation flying spacecrafts. To improve the measurement accuracy, the method of debiased converted Kalman filter is used to process measuring data. Simulation results indicate that if the range accuracy is 5cm and angle accuracy is 0. ldegree, the relative position determination accuracy is up to the order of centimeter.