航天光学遥感在自然灾害管理中应用能力评述

以建（构）筑物、生命线、农作物、基础设施等受损情况为切入点,介绍了航天光学遥感在灾害特征参数反演、灾害风险评估、灾害监测、灾害损失评估、恢复重建等领域的应用现状和应用能力,指出航天光学遥感与灾害管理之间存在灾区遥感数据实时获取能力不足和相应遥感灾害信息智能提取算法体系不完善等问题,并从航天器设计角度提出了解决对策,如平衡发展多种空间分辨率和多种光谱分辨率光学遥感器,协同发展机动和常规两种成像模式,积极发展星上智能信息提取技术。

Review on Application Capability of Space Optical Remote Sensing for Natural Disaster Management

Space optical remote sensing application status and its potential applications are summarized on disaster parameter retrieval,disaster risk assessment,disaster monitoring,disaster loss assessment and reconstruction of construction(structures),life line,crop and infrastructure.Disparity between space optical remote sensing and disaster management lies in the deficiency of real-time data acquisition capabilities and the absence of intelligent disaster information extraction model.Then,to reduce disparity solving countermeasures in terms of design of space imager are put forward such as balanced development of various spatial resolution imagers and various spectral resolution imagers,coordinated development of flexible imaging mode and stable imaging mode,and positive development of intelligent disaster information extraction technique on board.