“凤凰”计划关键技术及其启示

为了充分利用地球静止轨道(GEO)的轨道资源,美国于2012年启动了针对GEO卫星的重复利用验证计划——"凤凰"计划。文章介绍了"凤凰"计划的概况,重点对其系统组成、任务等方面进行了介绍,归纳了其中的关键技术,如模块卫星总体设计技术、无线能源传输技术和新型在轨捕获技术等。最后,给出了美国发展在轨服务的若干启示:卫星重用将带来航天器发展的重大变革,注重创新技术开发等。

Key Technology Analysis and Enlightenment of Phoenix Program

In order to make full use of the geostationary orbit （GEO）resources, the United States launched a Phoenix program in 2012, which aims at developing and demonstrating technologies to cooperatively harvest and reuse valuable components from retired, non-working satellites in GEO. This paper describes the general situation of Phoenix program, focuses on the architecture of the system, and introduces the task scenario. Then, the key technologies of the program are also summarized,such as module satellite overall design, wireless energy transmission and new type of on-orbit capture, etc. Finally, some enlightenment about development of orbital s~rvicing of USA are also offered：satellite reuse will lead to significant changes of spacecraft development, greater attention paid to the technological innovation.