空间太阳能电站高低压混合供电系统设计

在调研美国NASA空间太阳能电站(SPS)供配电相关方案的基础上,针对空间太阳能电站平台设备和有效载荷设备两种不同的供电特性要求,提出将高低压混合供电技术应用于空间太阳能电站的供电系统设计。该设计在满足高效对地供电传输要求的同时,能够确保航天器平台自身的稳定、可靠运行。文章介绍了高低压混合供电技术的原理和系统构成;针对系统高于目前在轨卫星6个数量级的超高压需求,分析了高压电缆和高压继电器研制的可行性,得出高压电缆的重点研究方向,即通过材料及结构优化来减小质量、增加散热、减小弯曲半径等,高压继电器的研究方向为研制高压混合继电器(EMPC)中适用于航天任务的高压固态功率管;调研分析了目前常用的空间等离子体被动防护技术和主动防护技术,通过比较,说明主动防护技术更适用于空间太阳能电站的超高压系统,可为我国建设超大功率空间太阳能电站提供技术参考。

Design of High-and Low-voltage Hybrid Power Supply System for SPS

Based on the technology scheme of SPS （solar power satellite） from the NASA,according to the different power supply requirements between platform and payloads of SPS,a design of power supply system for SPS is proposed,in which a high-and low-voltage hybrid power supply technology is applied.The design can transmit the electrical power from SPS to the earth efficiently,at the same time,the operating stability of SPS can also be insured.The elements and system constitution of high-and low-voltage hybrid power supply technology are introduced.Furthermore,considering the super high voltage requirement,which is six orders of magnitude higher than that of the other satellites,the research and manufacture feasibility of high-voltage cable and high-voltage relay are analyzed,and key research direction are mentioned.About high-voltage cable,the key research direction is improving materials and structures to reduce weight,in crease radiating and shorten bending radius.For high-voltage relay,EMPC （electromagnetic power controller） is more suitable for SPS and its high-voltage solid state power device is the key research direction.After comparing different space plasma prevention technologies,a conclusion that the initiative prevention technology is feasible for SPS can be obtained.The design proposed in this paper can offer a technical reference for China to construct an ultra-high-power SPS independently.