Psychosocial interactions during ISS missions |
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| Institution: | 1. University of California/San Francisco, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA;2. Institute for Biomedical Problems, Moscow, Russia;1. Center for Physiological Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Medical University in Graz, Harrachgasse 21, Graz 8010, Austria;2. Cologne, Germany;1. Institute of Psychology, The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic;2. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic;1. Department of Communication, Northwestern University, 2040 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA;2. Department of Psychology, DePaul University, 2219 N Kenmore Ave, Chicago, IL, 60614, USA;1. Research and Study Group in Human and Space Ethology (Ethospace), Toulouse, France;2. Institute of Bio-Medical Problems of RAS (IBMP), Moscow, Russia;1. School of Health, University of Northampton, Park Campus, Northampton NN2 7AL, UK;2. Institute of Social Psychology, University of Bergen, Christiesgate 12, Bergen 5020, Norway;3. Elliott Hall, 75 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States;4. Danish Defence, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | Based on anecdotal reports from astronauts and cosmonauts, studies of space analog environments on Earth, and our previous research on the Mir Space Station, a number of psychosocial issues have been identified that can lead to problems during long-duration space expeditions. Several of these issues were studied during a series of missions to the International Space Station. Using a mood and group climate questionnaire that was completed weekly by crewmembers in space and personnel in mission control, we found no evidence to support the presence of predicted decrements in well-being during the second half or in any specific quarter of the missions. The results did support the predicted displacement of negative feelings to outside supervisors among both crew and ground subjects. There were several significant differences in mood and group perceptions between Americans and Russians and between crewmembers and mission control personnel. Crewmembers related cohesion to the support role of their leader, and mission control personnel related cohesion to both the task and support roles of their leader. These findings are discussed with reference to future space missions. |
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