Regeneration of water at space stations |
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| Authors: | AI Grigoriev YuE Sinyak NM Samsonov LS Bobe NN Protasov PO Andreychuk |
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| Institution: | 1. IMBP RAS, Moscow, Russia;2. NIICHIMMASH, B Novodmitrovskaya 14, 127015 Moscow, Russia;3. RSC “Energia”, Korolev, Russia;1. Telespazio VEGA PLC, European Space Astronomy Centre/ ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain;2. European Space Astronomy Centre/ ESA, Madrid, Spain;3. Aurora Technology B.V., European Space Astronomy Centre/ ESA, Madrid, Spain;4. GMV, European Space Astronomy Centre/ ESA, Madrid, Spain;5. European Space Research and Technology Centre / ESA, Noordwijk, The Netherlands;6. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, United States;1. Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering – Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium;2. Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Biològica I Ambiental, Escola d’Enginyeria – Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;3. Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences – Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands;4. Particle and Interfacial Technology Group (PaInt), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering – Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium;5. QinetiQ Space, Hogenakkerhoekstraat 9, 9150 Kruibeke, Belgium;6. ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 Noordwijk, the Netherlands;7. Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering – University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium;1. Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium;2. Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium;3. Department of Biosystems Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium;4. Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN Delft, The Netherlands;5. Department of Food Quality and Food Safety, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium;6. In Vitro Biology and Horticulture Lab, Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 653 Coupure Links, 9000 Gent, Belgium;1. SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Ave., Ste. #100, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States;2. Lunar and Planetary Lab, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States;1. Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, UK;2. The Centre for Planetary Science at UCL/Birkbeck, London, UK;3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, UK;4. ESTEC, European Space Agency, The Netherlands;5. Queen Mary University of London, UK;6. Space Research Centre, University of Leicester, UK;7. IRAP, Toulouse, France;8. ISAS, JAXA, Japan;9. Department of Physics, Lancaster University, UK;10. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, USA;11. University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA;12. Cornell, USA;13. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France;14. Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, UK;15. Technical University, Braunschweig, Germany;p. Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands;q. Université de Liège, Belgium;r. National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland;s. Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA;t. LESIA, L’Observatoire de Paris, France;u. LPC2E, CNRS, Université d’Orléans, Orléans, France;v. Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany;w. ONERA, France;x. NASA Goddard Space Flight Centre, USA;y. ESAC, European Space Agency, The Netherlands;z. Department of Physics, University of Athens, Greece;11. University of California, Berkeley, USA;12. Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA;13. Department of Physics, Imperial College London, UK;14. INAF-IAPS Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Rome, Italy;15. Department of Physics, University of Oxford, UK;16. University of California Santa Cruz, USA;17. Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Germany;18. LASP, University of Colorado, USA;19. University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA;110. Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;111. LATMOS, France;112. Heidelberg University, Germany;113. University of Liverpool, UK;114. University of Iowa, USA;115. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, UK;1p. Royal Observatory of Belgium, Belgium;1q. University of Stuttgart, Germany;1r. Universität der Bundeswehr München, Germany;1s. UTesat-Spacecom GmbH, Germany;1t. IMCCE-Observatoire de Paris, UMR 8028 du CNRS, UPMC, Université Lille 1, 77 Av. Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France;1u. Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, France;1v. University of Vienna, Austria;1w. Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Science, Austria;1x. Space Technology Ireland, National University of Ireland, Ireland;1y. DLR, Germany;1z. Space Science Institute, USA;21. Observatoire de Besançon, France;22. University of Cologne, Germany;23. University of Namur, Belgium;24. University of Reading, UK;25. Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC - Paris 06, France;26. Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, CNRS, UMPC, France;27. Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA;28. University of the Basque Country, Spain;29. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Prague, Czech Republic;210. Department of Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Hampton University, Virginia, USA;211. Lunar and Planetary Institute, University of Arizona, USA;212. Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA;213. Office for Space Research and Technology, Academy of Athens, Greece;214. University of Potsdam, Germany;215. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, UK;2p. LPG, CNRS – Université de Nantes, France;2q. International Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland;2r. CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France |
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| Abstract: | The history, current status and future prospects of water recovery at space stations are discussed. Due to energy, space and mass limitations physical/chemical processes have been used and will be used in water recovery systems of space stations in the near future. Based on the experience in operation of Russian space stations Salut, Mir and International space station (ISS) the systems for water recovery from humidity condensate and urine are described. A perspective physical/chemical system for water supply will be composed of an integrated system for water recovery from humidity condensate, green house condensate, water from carbon dioxide reduction system and condensate from urine system; a system for water reclamation from urine; hygiene water processing system and a water storage system. Innovative processes and new water recovery systems intended for Lunar and Mars missions have to be tested on the international space station. |
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