大气探测激光雷达组网观测一致性研究

通过激光遥感获取气溶胶、云垂直分布情况，对研究气溶胶、云微物理特性、辐射强迫效应以及污染物传输等具有重大意义。在实际应用中激光雷达受激光器能量、发散角以及透过率等影响，会导致各雷达面对同一目标物探测数据不一致。随着地基大气探测激光雷达逐步规模化、标准化，对雷达组网观测一致性开展研究具有重要意义。为保证组网激光雷达数据高质量和高可靠性，在雷达系统自标定基础上，利用太阳光度计、大气分子模型获取激光雷达系统常数，确保各激光雷达回波信号定量可比。通过激光雷达组网观测进行探测目标一致性比对试验，以验证激光雷达系统探测一致性精度。结果表明：标定后，532 nm距离修正信号在1~2 km区间相对偏差从64.89%降低到22.16%，在2~5 km区间相对偏差从49.26%降低到8.90%，在9.5~11.5 km相对偏差从46.83%降低到10.91%；532 nm退偏比在1~2 km区间相对偏差从69.68%降低到20.68%，在2~5 km区间相对偏差从71.24%降低到6.69%，在9.5~11.5 km相对偏差从140.24%降低到9.02%；532 nm后向散射系数在1~2 km区间相对偏差从37.45%降低到23.63%，在2~5 km区间相对偏差从29.15%降低到21.45%，在9.5~11.5 km相对偏差从76.02%降低到24.16%。组网激光雷达数据结果一致性较好，可在多站点进行高精度探测，在气候变化研究、碳排放监测和环境研究等领域发挥重要作用，为大规模大气变化规律研究提供高质量、有效数据。

Consistency research of atmospheric detection lidar network observations

Laser remote sensing is of great significance for studying aerosol and cloud microphysical properties, radiation forcing effects, and pollutant transport by obtaining vertical distributions of aerosols and clouds. In practical applications, lidar is affected by laser energy, divergence angle and transmittance, which will lead to inconsistent detection data of each radar against the same target. With the gradual scaling-up and normalization of ground-based atmospheric detection lidars, the study of network observation consistency is of great significance. Based on the self-calibration of the lidar system, the solar photometer and atmospheric molecular model are used to ensure that the echo signal of each laser radar is comparable. Through the detection target consistency comparsion test by the laser radar network observation, the consistency accuracy of the radar system detection is verified. The results show that: after calibration, the relative deviation of range corrected signal in 532 nm channel is reduced from 64.89% to 22.16% in height range of 1~2 km, from 49.26% to 8.90% in height range of 2~5 km, and from 46.83% to 10.91% in height range of 9.5~11.5 km. The relative deviation of depolarization ratio in 532 nm is reduced from 69.68% to 20.68% in height range of 1~2 km, from 71.24% to 6.69% in height range of 2~5 km, and from 140.24% to 9.02% in height range of 9.5~11.5 km. The relative deviation of backscattering coefficient in 532 nm is reduced from 37.45% to 23.63% in height range of 1~2 km, from 29.15% to 21.45% in height range of 2~5 km, and from 76.02% to 24.16% in height range of 9.5~11.5 km. The networked lidar have good consistency, and can play an important role in the fields of multi-site high-precision detection, climate change research, carbon emission monitoring, and environmental research, which can provide high-quality and effective data for the study of large-scale atmospheric changes.