通信卫星灵活载荷技术综述

通信卫星逐步由高轨地球同步轨道卫星向高、中、低轨结合的全球覆盖卫星方向发展，多业务和多重覆盖的发展趋势对通信卫星的灵活性提出了更高的要求。通信卫星配备灵活载荷已经成为重要发展方向，对面向个人用户的高通量通信卫星及高、中、低轨结合的组网通信卫星来说尤为重要。配备灵活载荷的通信卫星能实现端到端业务，能灵活调整覆盖区，实现灵活组网，并提升资源利用率。分析了国内外通信卫星灵活载荷的发展动态，介绍了通信卫星灵活载荷的技术特点，并给出了有效载荷方案，最后阐述了通信卫星灵活载荷发展的关键技术及发展思路。

A survey on flexible payload techniques of communication satellites

Communication satellites are gradually evolving from high-orbit geosynchronous satellites to global coverage, utilizing high, medium, and low orbits. The development of multi-service and multiple coverage requires communication satellites to be equipped with flexible payloads, especially for high-throughput communication satellites that cater to individual users and networking communication satellites that combine high, medium, and low orbits. Communication satellites equipped with flexible payloads can provide terminal to terminal services, adjust coverage areas flexibly, achieve flexible networking, and improve resource utilization. This paper analyzes the development trend of communication satellite flexible payloads both domestically and internationally, introduces the technical characteristics of communication satellite flexible payloads, and provides a payload scheme. Finally, it expounds the key technologies and development ideas for the development of communication satellite flexible payload.