电磁涡旋波斜平面旋转目标运动参数估计方法

相较于传统平面电磁波，电磁涡旋波具有螺旋分布的波前相位、特殊的环形天线方向图、独特的涡旋方位维信息等特点。近几年来，得益于其特殊的物理特性，电磁涡旋波在目标运动参数估计领域受到了广泛的关注，其目标多普勒效应具有线性多普勒与旋转多普勒两维多普勒信息。现有参数估计方法实现了运动平面与涡旋天线口面平行时的目标旋转参数测量。然而，目标斜平面旋转下，现有方法将不再适用。基于电磁涡旋波所提供的目标旋转多普勒信息，提出一种斜平面旋转目标运动参数估计方法。该方法推导了一般形式下旋转目标的多普勒信号模型，通过分析斜平面下的多普勒信息特征，建立了目标运动参数表征式，给出了斜平面目标旋转参数的计算方法。最后通过仿真分析，验证了模型及参数计算方法的正确性及有效性。

A motion parameter estimation method for rotating target with oblique incidence using electromagnetic vortex wave

Compared to the conventional plane electromagnetic wave, vortex electromagnetic wave has some unique characteristics such as rational phase front, circular beampattern, and orbital angular momentum information. Benefit from these special characteristics, vortex electromagnetic wave is widely concerned in recent years for applications on target motion parameter estimation. The target Doppler effect of vortex electromagnetic wave is composed by two parts including the linear Doppler shift and the rotational Doppler shift. Current parameter estimation method achieves measurement of the target rotation parameters under the case that the target moving plane is parallel to the antenna port surface. However, under oblique motion plane, current method is no longer suitable. In this paper, a rotation parameter estimation method under oblique motion plane case is proposed based on the rotational Doppler shift of vortex electromagnetic wave. The Doppler signal model of rotational target in general form is derived. By analyzing the Doppler information, the expression of target motion parameters is built. Then, the calculation method of rotation parameters under oblique incidence is proposed. Finally, according to the simulation analysis, the effectivity of the proposed method is verified.