LEO-LEO微波掩星探测温度和水汽廓线研究进展

低地球轨道卫星间(LEO-LEO)微波掩星探测技术利用水汽吸收线附近信号,通过测量信号的折射和吸收作用,能够在没有辅助背景信息的情况下独立反演温度和水汽廓线,从而克服GNSS-LEO无线电掩星技术在大气中低对流层存在的“温度–水汽模糊”问题。目前,国内外还没有实现在轨的LEO-LEO掩星探测。为了促进我国LEO-LEO掩星探测技术发展,本文对LEO-LEO微波掩星探测温度和水汽廓线研究前沿及进展进行了回顾和总结。首先介绍了LEO-LEO掩星探测技术的发展历史,阐述了LEO-LEO掩星探测的基本原理和探测频点选择,重点介绍了LEO-LEO微波掩星探测温度和水汽廓线的反演技术研究动态,并介绍了LEO-LEO掩星探测任务国际进展,最后进行了总结和展望。本研究可为实现LEO-LEO掩星空间探测技术提供基本科学理论参考。

Progress of temperature and water vapor profiles detected by LEO-LEO microwave occultation

LEO-LEO microwave occultation measurement technique uses the frequencies near the water vapor absorption line to measure both refraction and absorption of the signals, enabling simultaneous retrieval of the temperature and water vapor profiles without an auxiliary background field, which overcomes the "temperature-humidity ambiguity" problem of GNSS-LEO radio occultation technique in the middle and low troposphere. At present, there is no any LEO-LEO occultation exploration mission in the space. In order to promote of LEO-LEO occultation measurement technique, the research frontiers and progress of temperature and water vapor profile detected by LEO-LEO microwave occultation are reviewed and summarized in this paper. Firstly, the development history of LEO-LEO occultation measurement technique is introduced, and the basic principle of LEO-LEO occultation detection and the frequencies selection are explained. Secondly, the research trends of retrieval technique of LEO-LEO microwave occultation detection temperature and water vapor profiles is emphasized, and the progress of LEO-LEO occultation missions is introduced. Finally the paper summarizes and offers a prospect. This study can provide basic scientific and theoretical reference for the realization of LEO-LEO occultation space exploration mission.