Launch vehicles to low-Earth orbit |
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| Authors: | Harry O. Ruppe |
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| Affiliation: | 1. The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, M/S 200-E254, Laurel, MD 20723, USA;2. The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, M/S 23-382, Laurel, MD 20723, USA;3. The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, M/S 200-W502, Laurel, MD 20723, USA;4. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Kennedy Space Center, FL 47688, USA;1. Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São Jose dos Campos, Brazil;2. Retired, Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço, São José dos Campos, Brazil;3. Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço, Universidade de Taubaté, São Jose dos Campos, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
The author examines figures for various designs of space launchers, including launch costs and development costs, in order to facilitate an informed choice between expendable, partially reusable and fully reusable launchers. |
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