一种深空粒子采样返回探测器构型设想

以太阳风粒子、深空尘埃等为目标的采样返回探测任务是空间科学与深空探测研究的热点方向之一。对“星尘号”“起源号”两个典型采样返回探测器的构型进行了分析，并梳理了其主要构型特点。结合我国月地高速再入返回飞行器的构型特点，提出了一种深空粒子采样返回探测器构型的设想：总体构型由长方形主体和流线型返回器组成，主体构型适应于承载返回器和其他装器设备，返回器构型适应于样品收集和再入返回气动外形。设计方案采用了充气式采样器进行粒子收集，具有体积小、重量轻、折叠效率高、展开可靠、工程实施简单等特点，并采用了可重复收拢展开的太阳翼，能够适应收集不同类型深空粒子的需求。

Study on the Configuration of Deep Space Particles Sampling and Return Spacecraft

Deep space particles such as solar wind particles or space dust sampling and return mission is popular in space science and deep space exploration. The configuration of typical deep space particle sampling and return spacecraft including Stardust and Genesis,and their characteristics are described and analyzed. Based the configuration of the circumlunar return and reentry spacecraft,a reasonable configuration of the deep space particles sampling and return spaceship was proposed. The spacecraft is made up of a noumenon frame and a return capsule generally. The noumenon frame''s configuration should fit the return capsule and other instruments,while the return capsule''s configuration should fit collecting sample and the pneumatic shape. The configuration adopts the inflatable sampler for particle collection,with small volume,light weight,high folding efficiency,reliable expansion and simple implementation;the spacecraft adopts the repeatable folding solar wing,meeting the needs of collecting different types of deep space particles.