月面上升的轨迹优化与参数分析

面向月球采样返回任务分析需求,对月面上升段的轨迹优化及燃料消耗影响因素进行了研究。基于上升器运动模型,建立以燃料消耗最优为目标考虑入轨约束的轨迹优化模型,通过Gauss伪谱法和序列二次规划求解上升过程最优推力方向。改变运动模型中的初始推重比、入轨约束中的目标轨道参数,根据轨迹优化结果得到对应的燃料消耗,分析了这些因素对上升器燃料消耗的影响。针对上升器非共面起飞的问题,提出了上升偏航、升交点调整、倾角调整3种方案,从燃料消耗的角度分析了各方案的适用情况,为未来工程应用提供参考。

Trajectory Optimization and Parameter Analysis for Lunar Ascent

According to requirements of the lunar sampling return mission,the lunar ascent trajectory optimization and some of influence factors for the fuel consumption are studied. Based on the ascent motion equations,the trajectory optimization model for optimal fuel consumption with orbit insertion constraints is constructed and then the optimal control of the thrust direction is solved by the Gauss pseudospectral method and the sequential quadratic programming. Using the ascent motion equations with different initial thrust to weight ratio and terminal constraints with different orbit insertion parameters,relevant results on the fuel consumption are acquired by solving the relevant trajectory optimization model and the effects of these parameters on the fuel consumption are analyzed. Three schemes for the non-coplanar ascent,i. e. the yaw steering in ascent,the ascent node maneuver on orbit and the inclination maneuver on orbit,are proposed and the applicable situations are analyzed respectively in term of the fuel consumption.