燃油喷嘴螺旋槽的精密测量方法与系统设计

为了实现航空发动机燃油喷嘴上的螺旋槽特征的快速与精确检测，提出了螺旋槽的槽深、螺旋角和槽宽等参数的测量与计算方法，并基于此设计和搭建了一套非接触式的燃油喷嘴螺旋槽精密测量系统。该测量系统基于模块化的设计思想，其机械主体采用立柱移动型三坐标测量机的结构形式；运动机构由三个直线轴X、Y和Z以及一个回转轴A构成，电气控制模块采用了由上位机与下位机构成的主从控制方式，前端传感器选用了新型的锥光偏振全息激光测头，并应用专用夹具来实现被测喷嘴零件的装夹和定位。最后，选取某个燃油喷嘴样件作为被测目标，应用所搭建的测量系统对其上的多个螺旋槽特征开展了重复测量实验，并解算得到了槽深、螺旋角和槽宽的几何尺寸，而且系统所达到的测量精度能够满足检测需求。

Design of Precision Measuring Method and System for Swirl Slots of Fuel Nozzles

In order to achieve the goal of rapid and accurate inspection of the swirl slots of fuel nozzles in aero engine, measuring and calculating methods of the depth, width and swirl angle of the swirl slot are proposed which guide the design and establishment of a non-contact precision measuring system for swirl slots. In the measuring system, the horizontal boring structure with mobile column is adopted and its motion mechanism is composed of three linear axes denoted as X, Yand Z, as well as a rotatory axis denoted as A. As for the electrical control module, it is realized by the master-slave control mode of two levels, which is based on the combination of industrial computer and special programmable multi-axis controller. Also, a new optical conoscopic holography sensor is used as the front detector and a calibration free fixture of high precision is applied to realize the installation and location of the measured nozzles. Finally, a fuel nozzle is selected as the target and its swirl slot features are measured several times on the system, in which the depth, width and swirl angle are all derived through calculation. As the experimental results show, the repeatability accuracy of the system could meet the inspecting requirements of this kind of fuel nozzles.