卫星在轨失效统计分析

从故障影响的设备、范围、时间特性等方面，对20世纪70年代以来国内外卫星272次典型在轨故障进行了分析。研究发现，发生故障的设备和发生故障的时间等都存在明显的规律性。对这些故障特性的深入研究可以制定针对性的故障防护措施，以降低卫星故障的发生率，并有助于在故障发生后采取及时正确的措施以避免灾难性后果。基于上述研究，文章给出了卫星设计过程中有效规避故障的一些建议，以提高卫星的在轨存活率。

Satellite On-board Failure Statistics and Analysis

Since the 1970s,272 satellite failures have been identified. These anomalies are classilied by failure source, impact, time of occurrence and cause of the failure in this paper. It is found that a lot of failures happen recurrently, and if the satellite is properly designed, most of the faults can be mitigated and part even all of the designed functions can be restored. Some advices to avoid failures and some methods to recover from failures are given. If failures are mitigated by these means, satellites will have a high survival rate.