某离心式喷嘴雾化特性及优化设计研究

喷嘴结构参数、喷油压降和燃油物性对喷嘴雾化特性具有重要影响。采用数值计算和试验手段研究某离心式喷嘴航空煤油和0#柴油雾化特性及差异性,并讨论喷嘴内部流动和喷嘴结构参数对雾化特性的影响。结果表明:数值计算与试验值存在差异,但雾化锥角、流量系数等随压力变化的趋势一致,验证了流体体积函数(VOF)追踪油气两相界面的正确性;喷嘴内部气、液相的涡是内部流动不稳定和气液面波动的原因;几何结构参数对喷嘴雾化特性影响明显;优化后的喷嘴结构,流量系数和雾化锥角分别增大了0.15和0.16倍,而喷嘴出口液膜厚度减小了0.53倍,明显改善了该喷嘴的雾化质量。

Study on atomization characteristic and optimum design of a centrifugal nozzle

: In this paper, numerical simulation and experimental technologies are used for the study of atomization and differences of swirl atomizers, which supplying with aviation kerosene and diesel oil. Different geometry parameters are analyzed to investigate their influence on the atomization. And the internal flow field is also revealed through this study. The main contents and conclusions of this study are as follows: there is deviation between numerical simulation and experiments, but the trend of spray cone angle and discharge coefficient varying with pressure presents highly conformity, which verifies that using the fluid volume function (VOF) to track the oil and gas two phase interface is properly for the study. The vortices in the liquid phase and gas phase are the motive for instable flow, which also leading to the waves on the liquid sheet. Geometry parameters make a big difference on the atomization. After optimizing the structure of the nozzle, the flow coefficient and the spray cone angle increased by 0.15 times, and 0.16 times, respectively, and the liquid film thickness decreased by 0.53 times, which obviously improves the atomization quality of the nozzle.