高峰时段下离港航空器绿色滑行策略设计与评价

为有效减少大型枢纽机场高峰时段离港航空器拥堵延误及污染物排放，开展了不同滑行策略的设计与评价研究。首先，构建了包括环境成本在内的离港航空器滑行成本计算模型；然后，提出了正点推出、机位等待以及速度优化3种不同离港航空器绿色滑行策略；最后，以总滑行成本最小为目标，采用遗传算法开展算例仿真，求解不同策略下的最优滑行路径并对比分析了不同滑行策略对缓解拥堵及减少排放的有效性。结果表明:相较于正点推出策略，机位等待与速度优化策略可减少总滑行时间5.90%和22.49%，具有良好的拥堵缓解效果；此外，机位等待策略还具有最低的油耗及排放成本，而速度优化策略具有最低的污染物排放总量，均具有一定的减排效果。 

Design and evaluation of green taxiing strategy for departure aircraft during peak hours

In order to effectively reduce the congestion delay and pollutant emissions of departure aircraft during peak hours in large hub airports, the design and evaluation of different taxiing strategies are carried out. Firstly, the calculation model of departure aircraft taxiing cost including environmental cost is established. Then, three different departure aircraft green taxiing strategies are proposed:punctual pushback, stand holding and speed optimization. Finally, targeting the minimum total taxiing cost, the genetic algorithm is used to carry out example simulation, to solve the optimal taxiing route under different strategies, and to compare and analyze the effectiveness of different taxiing strategies on congestion mitigation and emission reduction. The results show that, compared with the punctual pushback strategy, the stand holding and speed optimization strategy can reduce the total taxiing time by 5.90% and 22.49%, and has good congestion mitigation effect. In addition, the stand holding strategy has the lowest fuel consumption and emission cost, and the speed optimization strategy has the lowest pollutant emissions, so both of them have certain emission reduction effect.