浅论回收型卫星气动外形设计

本文首先简要介绍回收型卫星重返大气层概貌。从工程设计角度出发论述卫星再入舱气动外形设计依据,评述美、苏两国现有空间再入飞行器外形的特点,然后论述卫星再入舱与导弹再入弹头的主要差别,指出再入舱特有的主要空气动力学问题。最后展望回收型卫星气动外形未来发展趋势,推荐一种有发展前途的新型再入舱气动外形—平头双锥体。

ON THE AERODYNAMIC CONFEGURATION DESIGN FOR THE RECOVERABLE SATELLTE

In this paper, the outline of reentry atmosphere for the recoverable satellites is presented. From the point of view of the technical design, the maindesign principles of aerodynamic configurations for the satellite reentry modules are discussed. The characters of the present space reentry vehicles of-US and USSR are reviewed. Then, the differences of the aerodynamics between the satellite reentry modules and the missile noses are discussed and the special aerodynamic problems of the reentry modules are pointed out. At last, the future develoment tendency of the aerodynamic shape for the reentry modules is looked forward to and a new aerodynamic shape-double conewith a flat nose is recommended for the reentry satellite.