正交各向异性材料拉伸圆棒的颈缩研究

本文对正交各向异性材料的圆棒拉伸试样的颈缩问题进行了有限元模拟计算，得到了不同各向异性参数与颈缩截面椭圆度的定量关系。进一步的研究表明，在相同宏观拉伸下，不同各向异性参数的拉伸试件的载荷与拉伸方向的各向异性参数相关，椭圆度(长短轴半径之比)与径向各向异性参数之比呈线性关系。在拉伸方向各向异性参数相同、其它两个方向参数不同的情况下，载荷区别不大。因此可以利用对颈缩问题的研究来确定材料正交各向异性度系数。

Study on the Necking of Orthotropic Smooth Tensile Bars

Finite element simulation has been carried out on necking of orthotropic tensile bars. Different orthotropic material parameters have been considered. A quantitative relationship (in this paper, a linear relationship) between the orthotropic material parameters and necking section shape parameters has been built. On the same tensile strain, there is little dependence of the necking section shape parameters on the orthotropic parameter along axial direction. Keeping the orthotropic parameters along axial direction constant, the axial loading is little dependent on the orthotropic parameters along other directions. The axial loading ability is dependent on the axial orthotropic parameter. Orthotropic material parameters can be calculated by the study of necking of smooth tensile bars.