型架双经纬仪三维测量法

分析了飞机装配型架测量中目前常用的光学工具法和机械坐标法的优缺点，从而说明了＂型架双经纬仪三维测量法＂必将得到日益广泛应用的原因。介绍了该方法的＂定标＂、空间一点位且的测量和计算原理以及所依据的几何模型的同时，论证了该方法在各种型架光学测量方法中所独有的以点作为单元的测量目的、一次测量多次处理、易与ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ系统集成等特点以及该方法的优越性和发展方向．本文还提出了测量精度的计算方法、数学模型以及＂精度场＂概念，为测量布局的优化设计、精度指标含义的明确提供了理论依据和计算方法。

3D Measurement of Assembly Fixtures with a Pair of Transits

The advantages and disadvantages of optical tooling and mechanical coordinate methods currently used in the measurement of aircraft assembly fixtures are analysed. The reason that the 3D measurement of assembly fixtures with a pair of transits is used so widely is explained.The principles of measurement and calculation of the optical tooling center distance and a space point location is introduced,as well as the geometrical model as a base.It discusses a series of characteristics,such as the aim of space point location measurement unit only used in optical measurement of assembly fixtures,single measurement and multiple data processing,easiness to integrate with CAD/CAM systems,and the benefits and way of further improvement due to these characteristics.The calculating method and the mathematical model of measuring precision and the concept of precision field are presented,which formulate the theoretical basis and operating method for the optimum design of measurement configuration,and also for clarifying the meaning of precision criterion.