非线性弹簧形态优化及可调节恒力装置设计

基于组合结构研究一种可调节恒力装置的设计方法，恒力装置由负刚度非线性弹簧和正刚度线性弹簧组合而成。采用B样条曲线描述非线性弹簧的形态，基于GA算法和非线性有限元法实现非线性弹簧的形态优化设计。根据恒力装置的工作原理，设计线性螺旋弹簧，并分析刚度/强度特性。组合结构的力学性能分析表明恒力装置可以实现输出恒力。为了实现自我保护、输出的恒力大小/方向可调，进行了恒力装置的部组件设计。本文的恒力装置设计方法为平面薄膜天线和太阳电池阵的工程研制提供了技术支撑。

Shape Optimization of Nonlinear Spring and Design of Adjustable Constant Force Device

The design method of adjustable constant force devices based on composite structures is studied. A constant force device is composed of a nonlinear spring with negative stiffness and a linear spring with positive stiffness. The B spline curve is used to describe the nonlinear spring, and the shape optimization of the nonlinear spring is realized based on the GA algorithm and nonlinear finite element method. According to the working principle of the constant force devices, the linear helical spring is designed and the stiffness/strength characteristics are analyzed. The mechanical analysis of the composite structures shows that the constant force device can realize the function of outputting constant tension force. To achieve the self protection and adjustment of the magnitude/direction of the output forces, the component designs in the devices are carried out. The design method of the constant force devices in the paper provides technical supports for the engineering development of planar membrane antennas and solar arrays.