无线传感器网络三维自身定位方法

针对部署在三维空间的无线传感器网络,提出了一种传感器节点自身定位方法APIT-3D(Approximate Point-In-Tetrahedron),通过判断传感器节点是否位于由锚节点组成的四面体的内部,筛选出可能的位置区域,并最终计算这些区域交集部分的重心,作为待定位节点的位置.仿真实验表明,作为一种不基于测量设备的定位方法,APIT-3D可以达到节点通信半径的40%以下的较高精度的三维定位,而且通信开销相比于二维定位方法增幅不明显.APIT-3D定位方法无需复杂的测距设备和昂贵的外部设施,且通信协议相对简单,因此是一种低成本、低功耗的无线传感器网络三维自身定位方法.

Three-dimensional self-localization scheme for wireless sensor networks

A novel three-dimensional(3D) self-localization scheme APIT-3D(approximate point-in-te-trahedron) was presented for wireless sensor networks(WSNs).The target sensor performed APIT-3D test to judge whether it resided inside or outside of tetrahedrons,which narrowed down the possible location areas(PLA).Then,APIT-3D averaged the centers of gravity(COG) of the intersection of PLA as the unknown sensor's estimated location.Simulation results indicate that,as a range-free scheme,APIT-3D can achieve location accuracy within 40% of radio range,while the communication cost remains reasonable comparing with its 2D counterpart.Since APIT-3D depends on no ranging measures or global infrastructure,it presents a low-cost solution for self-localization of densely deployed and large scale WSNs in 3D spaces.