基于单个长基线干涉仪的运动单站直接定位

针对以往单站无源定位系统中采用的多通道干涉仪或阵列测向系统复杂、易受通道间幅相不一致性影响等缺点,提出了一种基于信号子空间分解的运动单站单个长基线干涉仪(LBI)直接定位(DPD)方法。该方法采用量子粒子群优化(QPSO)方法获得定位初值,再利用Newton迭代方法得到精估计值。仿真结果表明:增加观测器的机动性,可对辐射源实现快速无模糊的定位;定位性能在较高信噪比(SNR)下可接近定位误差的克拉美-罗下限(CRLB),在低信噪比下优于多通道干涉仪仅测角(BO)和长基线相位差变化率定位方法。

A Single Moving Observer Direct Position Determination Method Using a Long Baseline Interferometer

In view of the complex structures and amplitude-phase inconsistencies among receiving channels in single observer localization systems using multi-channel interferometers or arrays, a direct position determination (DPD) method is advanced in this paper based on subspace decomposition using a long baseline interferometer (LBI). A quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) initialization algorithm is designed and then the Newton method is used to improve the estimation. Simulation results show that observer maneuver should be taken into consideration to achieve fast unambiguous results. The proposed method can approach Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) at high signal noise rate (SNR) and achieve better performance than the bearing-only (BO) method using multi-channel interferometers and the phase difference rate method by LBI under low SNR.