太阳爆发抵近探测——“触碰计划”

本文旨在介绍一项具有重大科学意义和应用价值的深空探测任务构想.该任务将对驱动恒星大尺度爆发过程的中心结构（即磁重联电流片）进行抵近（原位）探测，主要目的是详细研究发生在离地球最近的恒星-太阳上的大尺度磁重联过程的精细物理特征，揭示太阳系中最为剧烈的能量释放过程（即太阳爆发或太阳风暴）的奥秘.该任务的科学目标:磁重联过程是发生在宇宙磁化等离子体中的能量转换和释放的核心过程，其一直是太阳物理、等离子体物理、空间科学研究领域内的一个极为重要的研究课题及研究方向.通过抵近观测可以将同样设备的分辨能力提高5~20倍，将提供在地球附近无法获得的太阳超清晰图像以及相应的物理信息，让人类在一个前所未有的平台上来研究、认识和了解太阳，从而解决太阳爆发核心驱动过程的精细物理性质与日冕加热等长期困扰太阳物理研究领域的难题. 

In Situ Detection of the Solar Eruption: Lay a Finger on the Sun

This paper is to introduce a proposed deep space mission, which aims to perform in situ detection of the central structure, namely the magnetic reconnection current sheet, which drives the large scale eruption on a star. The main focus of this mission is on the fine physical characteristics of the large scale magnetic reconnection taking place on the Sun, our nearest star, revealing the secret of the most violent energy release process, also known as the solar storm, in the solar system. The scientific goal of this mission, magnetic reconnection, is a kernel process of energy conversion occurring in the magnetized plasma in the universe, and has long been a fairly important research topic or even research area in solar physics, space science, plasma physics, and the related fields. In situ detection enhances the spatial resolution of the instruments used on the Earth 5～20 times, will provide us extra-clear images of the Sun and the related information. We are thus able to study, to learn, and to understand the Sun on an unprecedented platform, and further resolve the long-standing puzzle in the solar community regarding the fine physical property of the kernel process driving the solar eruption, as well as that of the corona heating.