太赫兹大气临边探测仪遥感中高层大气风仿真

太赫兹大气临边探测仪（TALIS）是中国正在预研的第一台THz频段的临边探测仪，主要用于高精度、高分辨率的大气遥感测量.TALIS的观测目标主要包括大气温度、大气压强、大气成分（例如H₂O，O₃，HCl，ClO，N₂O，HNO₃等）的垂直分布以及长期变化趋势.由于TALIS的频段覆盖了许多重要的吸收谱线，其观测数据中包含大气风的多普勒信息，因此可以用于反演中高层风的廓线.本文针对TALIS视线多普勒风的观测进行仿真，利用辐射传输模型（ARTS）评估了TALIS测风的潜力和相应的反演精度.结果表明，TALIS的118GHz谱仪具有较好的测量精度，在70km处的精度为12m·s-1.183GHz，633GHz和658GHz谱仪也有一定的测量信息，反演精度分别为19m·s-1（60km），19m·s-1（50km），16m·s-1（50km）.TALIS有一个候选的测风谱仪位于655GHz频段，其在55km处的反演精度为11m·s-1.此外，虽然降低谱分辨率能有效提高系统灵敏度，但并不能提高反演精度，需要通过降低系统噪声来提高测风的精度. 

Simulation of the Middle and Upper Atmospheric Wind Measurement of THz Atmospheric Limb Sounder

Middle and upper atmospheric wind is a key parameter in atmospheric science. Ground-based radar, lidar, and interferometer are usually used to measure the atmospheric wind. Up to now, the payload which can measure the atmospheric wind from space is quite scarce. Microwave limb sounding can also measure wind in the middle and upper atmosphere. THz Atmospheric Limb Sounder (TALIS) is the first Chinese microwave limb sounder being developed for atmospheric vertical profile observation. The main targets of TALIS are atmospheric vertical profiles of temperature, pressure and chemical species such as H₂O, O₃, HCl, ClO, N₂O, HNO₃. Since TALIS covers many strong lines, the observation data will contain doppler information of atmospheric wind, so it can be used to retrieve the atmospheric wind. In this paper, a simulation is performed to evaluate the precision of wind retrieval by using the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS). The results suggest that 118GHz retrieval has a better precision of 12m·s-1 at 70km. The precision of 183GHz, 633GHz and 658GHz are 19m·s-1 (60km), 19m·s-1 (50km), 16m·s-1 (50km), respectively. 655GHz is a candidate band that has a large potential for wind measurement in the stratosphere and its precision is 11m·s-1 at 55km. The simulation also shows that reducing the spectral resolution to improve the NEDT has almost no contribution to a better retrieval precision. Reducing the system noise temperature is the only way to improve the precision.