基于系统科学的复杂系统软件生命周期模型研究

复杂系统的核心功能主要由软件实现，软件对复杂系统的可信性和质量有至关重要的影响.目前复杂系统软件的研制和管理主要采用基于一般系统工程的方法，未考虑复杂系统所具有的开放性、涌现性、自组织性等特征，存在一定局限性.为保证复杂系统软件的可信性和质量，基于复杂系统的主要特征，引入系统科学的方法及理论对现有方法进行扩展，并结合敏捷方法和知识工程等相关技术，建立了一种覆盖技术过程和技术管理过程并体现开发、验证、运行和维护等多维视角的软件生命周期模型，并同时提出了复杂软件分析设计要求.

Software Life Cycle Model of Complex Systems Based on Systems Science

Most key functions of complex systems are implemented by software. As a result, software has critical effect on dependability and quality of those systems. But software development and management of current complex systems mainly follow general systems engineering approach which does not consider complex systems’ characteristics like openness, emergence, self organization, and so on. This limitation increases the risk of dependability and quality. To ensure dependability and quality of software in complex systems, the major characteristics of complex systems are taken into consideration, and some technologies and theories of systems science are adopted to improve the existing software development and management approaches, especially the software analysis and design approach. In addition to systems science, agile method, knowledge engineering and other related technologies are introduced to establish a software life cycle model which covers both technical processes and technical management processes and reflects the multidimensional views including software development、verification and maintenance.