自增压式丁烷微推进系统建模与工作特性仿真研究

利用AMESim+AMESet建立了丁烷微推进系统一维仿真模型，该模型包含：考虑丁烷相变的自增压贮箱、稳压气容、PID控制的电加热推力器等组件.研究自增压贮箱、电磁阀、气容和推力器的静态工作特性，分析气容体积和推力器加热功率以及推力器扩张比对系统工作特性的影响，对丁烷推进系统的动态响应特性进行探讨.结果显示，自增压贮箱内流体在温控系统的控制下能够实现稳定的压力，在变目标推力时系统的响应较快，增加气容体积有利于提高系统工作稳定性.当前推进系统在稳定工作时的推力器最大质量流量为0.079 g/s，最大推力为102 mN.贮箱自增压过程中PID温控对贮箱内工质压力具有重要影响.无温控时，推进剂的持续流入和蒸发造成贮箱液体丁烷排空时的气容压力下降了19.5%；施加PID温度控制后，气容内工质压力稳定在0.302 MPa，工质温度会快速稳定在293.15 K附近.较大的气容体积能够让推力输出更稳定.通过电加热推力器腔体内的丁烷气体可以有效提高推力.推力器加热功率从0 W增加到30 W时，推力从92 mN增加到114 mN，比冲效率从76.2%增加到94.3%.

Modeling and Operating Characteristics Simulation of Self-Pressurized Butane Micro-Propulsion System

In this paper, a one dimensional simulation model of a self pressurized butane micro propulsion system is developed via AMESim+AMESet. The key components of this model contain: self pressurized butane storage tank, stabilized gas accumulator, PID controlled electrically heated thrust, etc. The static operating characteristics of the self pressurizing tank, solenoid valve, gas accumulator and thruster are first studied, the effects of gas accumulator and thruster heating power and thruster expansion ratio on the system operating characteristics are analyzed, and finally the dynamic response characteristics of the butane propulsion system are discussed. The results show that the fluid in the self pressurized tank can achieve the stable pressure under the control of the temperature control system. The response of the system is faster at variable target thrust. Increasing the volume of gas volume is helpful to improve the working stability of the system.