基于星载可见光相机的空间碎片探测

空间碎片在轨识别与参数辨识为空间轨道预警、航天器规避空间碎片提供了重要依据。文章在轨道相对动力学的基础上,模拟了空间碎片在光学探测过程中的拖尾成像特性；随后,采用 Hough变换对空间碎片尾迹特征.r进行提取与识别,获取碎片方位角信息,通过匹配多帧图像,获取碎片的方位角速度信息。同时,结合激光测距仪的测距信息,获取空间碎片的位置和速度信息；通过数值仿真验证,该方法能够实现对空间碎片探测、识别和定位,因而具有一定的工程应用价值。

Space Debris Detection Method Based on Spaceborne Visible Camera

Detection and recognition of space debris provides a basis to the collision warning and maneuver strategy. Inthis paper, image tailing of space debris was simulated based on the C-W function. After that, the tailing was recognizedby Hough transform method, the azimuth angles were calculated. By matching different images, the angular velocity wasgotten. At the same time, the position and velocity of debris was obtained by combining the laser ranging information. Ac.cording to numerical simulation, this method was effective to detect, identify, and position debris, so it had good engineer.ing application prospect.