美国转型通信体系研究

2002年初,美国国防部发起了针对政府通信卫星的转型通信研究（TCS）,以加快具有先进技术水平的高级通信能力交付到战场的过程。同年年底成立了转型通信办公室（TCO）,同步、协调和指导美国转型通信体系（TCA）的开发。转型通信体系涉及美国众多政府机构,主要包括国防部、情报界和国家航空航天局。其目标是消除通信的限制,通过协调、有效地开发和部署空间和地面独立、兼容、互操作系统,构建未来20年政府空间通信体系。TCA文件至今已经发展了3个版本,经历了多次变动和改进。文章介绍了TCA的定义、目的、范围和组成,分析其发展演进过程,总结其经验教训,最后给出几点结论与启示。

Research on USA Transformational Communications Architecture

In early fiscal year 2002,a Transformational Communications Study （TCS） with respect to government SATCOM was initiated by US DoD to accelerate the delivery of advanced capabilities with state-of-the-art technology to the field. In September Transformational Communications Office （TCO） was formed to synchronize,coordinate and direct the development of USA Transformational Communications Architecture （TCA）. TCA involves a broad range of government agencies,including DoD,Intelligence Community （IC） and NASA. With its goal to eliminate the constraint of communication,TCA is to be built into an interoperable,multi-segment space communication architecture through collaboration,design,synchronized acquisition and coordinated deployment in next 2 decades. Up to today,there are many changes and improvements to TCA,whose document has evolved 3 versions. In this article,we briefly introduced the definition,purpose,scope and segments of TCA,analyzed its developments and evolvements,and give some conclusions and implications in the end.