翼身融合布局民机非圆截面机身结构设计研究综述

翼身融合布局飞机具有大升阻比、低阻力、低噪声等优点，是未来民机最具潜力的发展方向之一；但由于特殊布局所采用的非圆截面增压机身，给翼身融合布局民机结构设计带来了巨大挑战。为了降低非圆截面机身承受增压载荷时产生的高弯曲应力、提高机身结构稳定性及承载效率，翼身融合民机机身结构设计先后经历了圆柱组合式多舱室机身、双蒙皮多舱室机身、带加强支撑的盒式机身、基于拉挤杆缝合高效一体化结构（Pultruded Rod Stitched Efficient Unitized Structure，PRSEUS）的盒式中央机体等发展阶段，其中最具承载优势和可实现性的是由美国国家航空航天局NASA和波音公司共同提出的基于PRSEUS盒式中央机体结构设计方案。PRSEUS结构不仅充分利用了复合材料一体化缝合、整体共固化、低成本等制造优势，而且具有抗拉伸/压缩、多路径止损/止裂、刚度和稳定性裕度大、承载效率高、易金属修补等优异的力学特性，已被拓展应用到了翼身融合民机机翼等结构设计中。本文以非圆截面机身结构设计为重点，回顾了翼身融合民机结构设计发展历程；从整机身结构、关键部件结构、整机优化设计等方面详细阐述了翼身融合民机结构设计的研究进展与发展现状，基于国外相关技术研究发展趋势，提出了中国翼身融合民机机身结构设计研究未来需要重点关注的方向。

Review of non-circular cross-section fuselage structure design research on blended-wing-body civil aircraft

With the advantages of higher lift to drag ratio, reduced drag, and lower community noise, blended-wing-body (BWB) civil aircraft is one of the most potential aircraft developing directions. But many challenges on BWB structure design are brought out as a result of applying non-circular cross-section special layout pressured airframe. Multi-bubble fuselage, double skin multi-bubble fuselage, multi-box fuselage with stiffened structure, and multi box fuselage on the basis of the Pultruded Rod Stitched Efficient Unitized Structure (PRSEUS) are put forward for BWB central body design. The realizable structure design scheme with high loading efficiency is the PRSEUS-based box central body structure that is jointly designed by NASA and Boeing. PRSEUS takes full advantages of the integrated composite material stitching, co-cured technologies at low cost to obtain outstanding mechanical characteristic with tensile/compression resistance, damage arresting, large stiffness and stability redundancy, high loading efficiency, and strong metal repairing, having been developed in wing and other structure design of BWB civil aircraft. Using the non-circular cross-section fuselage structure design as a key point, this paper introduces the structure design history of BWB civil aircraft. Moreover, current techniques and development trends are explained from central body structure, central body critical parts, and full-aircraft optimization design. Then, based on the related technology research development aboard, future domestic development of BWB civil aircraft fuselage structure design is presented.