基于动力学边界的结冰飞机安全预警方法

结冰严重破坏飞机的动力学特性，使飞机的非线性和动力学耦合特性表现明显，导致传统的安全预警方法无法准确有效地评估飞行存在的潜在风险，易引发飞行事故。为解决此问题，提出了一种基于动力学边界的新型安全预警方法，该方法可综合考虑飞机的动力学耦合特性，可为结冰飞机的实时安全预警系统的构建提供有力的理论支撑。首先，基于微分流形理论确定结冰飞机精确的动力学边界，并详细分析了飞机结冰对动力学边界的影响；其次，利用动力学边界相对距离对飞行风险进行量化，结合动力学边界的特性确定了安全预警的方法；最后，搭建了飞行仿真训练系统，并以着陆为训练科目，通过与传统迎角安全预警方法对比，得到基于动力学边界安全预警方法的优越性。研究结果表明，相比于传统迎角限制方法，动力学边界安全预警方法可提前发现飞行中存在的潜在风险，且基于此方法的飞行训练系统可对驾驶员进行结冰安全操纵训练可提高结冰飞机的飞行安全。

Flight safety warning method for icing aircraft based on dynamic envelope

Icing aircraft shows significant nonlinear and coupling characteristics because the dynamic characteristics are seriously destroyed by the icing. Therefore, the traditional safety warning method cannot detect the potential risk effectively and correctly; and it also easily leads to flight accident. In order to solve this problem, a novel safety warning method based on the dynamic envelope is proposed. The method can take coupling dynamic characteristics into account and can be regarded as a theoretical basis of an online safety warning system. First, based on the differential manifold method, the exact dynamic envelope for an icing aircraft is determined and the influence on the dynamic envelope is analyzed in detail. Secondly, based on the relative distance of the dynamic envelope, flight risk is quantified and the safety warning method is determined via taking the characteristics of dynamic into account. Finally, a flight simulation training system is established. Taking landing as the training subject, the advantages of the method are obtained via comparing it with the traditional safety warning method based on the angle of attack. The results show that in comparison with the traditional method, the safety warning method based on the dynamic envelope can detect the potential risk ahead. And the safety maneuvering for icing aircraft can be trained by the flight training system to improve flight safety.