连续式跨声速风洞与压缩机的气动性能匹配

结合连续式跨声速风洞运行特点和轴流压缩机特性,详细分析了风洞在不同运行工况下与压缩机的气动性能匹配特性。结果表明:在亚声速工况下,洞体阻力变化引起压缩机工作点连续变化且远离喘振区,压缩机运行安全性较高;在超声速工况下,洞体阻力小幅度的变化不影响压缩机工作点,压缩机运行较为安全,但洞体阻力大幅增大,可导致试验段超声速流动突变至亚声速,从而引起压缩机喘振和激波对试验段模型的冲击;压缩机设计时需要预留充足的压比裕量及较为合理的流量喘振裕度。

Aerodynamic performance matching of continuous transonic wind tunnel and its driving compressor

In continuous transonic wind tunnel, performance matching between compressor and wind tunnel was essential for operation safety and efficiency. The aerodynamic performances of compressor and wind tunnel at different operation conditions were analyzed. Result showed that, at subsonic condition, operation of compressor was rather safe, with low risk of surge. At transonic or supersonic condition, slight variation of tunnel loss had no influence on compressor operation, while sharp rise of tunnel loss can cause supersonic flow in test section breakdown, and may induce compressor stall and impact of shock wave on model. To increase the safety of compressor, sufficient pressure ration margin and reasonable flow surge margin should be considered at design stage.