Threshold Investigation of Phase-Locked Discriminators

This paper is primarily an investigaton of a second-order phased-locked loop in the threshold region, with the loop filter chosen as (1/1+?s) or (1+?1s/1+?s). First-order loop results are also given. Effects of loop parameters, detuning error, and modulation are studied. It is shown that the loop with filter (1+?1s/1+?s) can be built two ways with same bandwidth and damping. One loop gives much better threshold than the other. The analytical results are supported by computer simulation as well as experimental work obtained by hardware simulation of the loop.