GNSS实时卫星钟差估计在地震监测中的应用

为快速、有效地获取地震发生阶段震源周边地区站点的动态位移，为地震预警系统提供高可靠性的地表形变信息，利用全球导航卫星系统（global navigation satellite system, GNSS）高频观测数据，基于非差估计法对多模GNSS卫星钟差进行实时估计及性能分析，并将其应用于精密单点定位（precise point positioning, PPP）实时计算2021年漾濞Mw6.4地震和玛多Mw 7.4地震的地面动态形变。结果表明,GNSS四系统实时估计卫星钟差的标准差（standard deviation, STD）均值为0.142 ns，其多系统组合PPP动态解的平均标准差在水平方向达到0.5 cm，高程方向达到1.0 cm，计算得到的地震动态位移波形相对GPS单系统更为稳定，而且能够获得较为准确的同震形变。

Application of GNSS real-time satellites clock offset estimation in seismic monitoring

In order to quickly and effectively obtain the dynamic displacement of the stations around the epicenter during the earthquake, and provide highly reliable surface deformation information for the earthquake early warning system, multi-GNSS real-time satellites clock offset is estimated and the performance is evaluated based on the undifferenced model using global navigation satellite system(GNSS) high-rate observation data, which are applied to precise point positioning (PPP) to calculate the surface dynamic displacement of the 2021 Yangbi Mw6.4 earthquake and Madoi Mw 7.4 earthquake in real-time. Results shows that the averaged standard deviations (STD) of the real-time estimated satellite clock offsets of the four GNSS systems are 0.142 ns, the positioning performance of multi-GNSS PPP kinematic solution shows that about 0.5 cm can be achieved in horizontal direction and generally 1.0 cm in vertical direction. Meanwhile, the calculated seismic dynamic displacement waveforms of the mult-GNSS system are more stable than those of GPS single system, and can obtain more accurate coseismic deformation.