高空飞艇螺旋桨驱动电机分析

高空飞艇的一些概念设计中采用电动机驱动螺旋桨的电推进系统,对该系统中电动机的关键技术进行分析,为高空飞艇螺旋桨驱动电机的研制提供参考.针对高空飞艇的电源和不同电动机的特点,分析了螺旋桨驱动电机应首选稀土永磁无刷直流电动机.根据高空飞艇对螺旋桨的推力要求,分析了满足螺旋桨驱动需求的驱动电机的额定参数确定.结合高空环境的特点,从材料选择、轴承润滑和电机温升等方面对驱动电动机的高空适应性设计进行了探讨.稀土永磁无刷直流电动机驱动螺旋桨的地面试验表明所设计的电动机样机具有高效率,能够满足螺旋桨驱动需求.

Analysis of the Motor Driving a Propeller of High Altitude Airship

Based on the concept configuration of the high altitude airship, electric motors were used to drive the propellers to generate thrust, however no detailed analysis on the motors was presented in the previous literatures. In this paper, the crucial prohlems were analyzed when the electric motors are applied for a propeller driving the high altitude airships. The main power gen-erated by the solar array and the fuel cells equipped in the airship is in DC form, in addition, the high efficiency, high power/weight ratio and easy modulating speed-torque characteristics axe demanded. Therefore the better choice for driving the propeller of high altitude airship is the rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor rather than the AC motor. In order to drive the propeller in a wide aerodynamic operational range, how to determine the rating parameters of rare earth permanent magnet brushless motors was studied. Further more, the part material selection, the bearings lubricant and the temperature rise were discussed. The experimen-tal results showed that the rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor prototype could meet the requirement of a propeller and reached high efficiency.